John Deere 46 Manual: Your Comprehensive Guide

Understanding Your John Deere 46 Mower Deck

Identifying the John Deere 46 Model

Proper identification of your John Deere 46 mower deck is crucial for sourcing correct replacement parts and understanding model-specific maintenance procedures. The model number is typically stamped on a metal plate located on the mower deck itself. This plate is often near the discharge chute or on the top of the deck housing. Look for markings that clearly display "46" and possibly other identifying digits or letters indicating the sub-model or year of manufacture. Having this specific identification allows you to accurately order the correct blades, belts, and other components designed for your particular deck, ensuring proper fit and optimal performance.

Sometimes, the model information can be found in the original owner's manual or on the sales receipt. Cross-referencing the deck's features and dimensions with online resources or John Deere's official website can also help confirm the model. Note any unique characteristics of your deck, such as the type of discharge (side, rear, or mulching), the number of blades, or any specific attachments. Accurate identification is the cornerstone of proper maintenance and repair, preventing potential damage from using incompatible parts. It also helps streamline your search for relevant troubleshooting information and service bulletins.

Key Features and Components

The John Deere 46 mower deck is a robust piece of equipment designed for efficient lawn maintenance. Understanding its key components is essential for both routine maintenance and troubleshooting. These key components include the deck housing, the spindles, the blades, the belt system, the discharge chute, and any optional mulching attachments. The deck housing provides the structural support for all other components, and is typically made of heavy-gauge steel to withstand the rigors of mowing. Regular inspection of the deck housing for rust, cracks, or bends is vital to ensure the longevity and safety of the mower.

The spindles are the rotating shafts that hold the blades and are driven by the belt system. They are equipped with bearings that require periodic greasing to ensure smooth operation and prevent premature wear. The blades are responsible for cutting the grass, and come in various types such as standard cutting blades, mulching blades, and high-lift blades, each designed for specific mowing conditions. The belt system transfers power from the tractor's engine to the spindles, and consists of one or more belts that must be properly tensioned and in good condition to avoid slippage or breakage. The discharge chute directs the cut grass away from the mower, and should be kept clear of obstructions to prevent clumping. Familiarizing yourself with these components is the first step towards becoming proficient in maintaining your John Deere 46 mower deck.

Safety Precautions Before Operation

Prioritizing safety is paramount before operating or performing any maintenance on your John Deere 46 mower deck. Always disconnect the spark plug wire from the engine and ground it to prevent accidental starting while working on the deck. This crucial step eliminates the risk of the engine starting unexpectedly, which could cause serious injury. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including safety glasses, gloves, and hearing protection, to shield yourself from potential hazards such as flying debris or sharp edges. Before each use, thoroughly inspect the mower deck for any signs of damage, loose parts, or obstructions.

Never operate the mower deck with any missing or damaged safety shields or guards. Ensure that all safety decals are in place and legible, and familiarize yourself with the safety instructions provided in the owner's manual. Keep bystanders, especially children and pets, away from the mowing area while the mower is in operation. Never attempt to make adjustments or repairs while the engine is running or the blades are rotating. If you are unsure about any safety procedure, consult the owner's manual or seek assistance from a qualified technician. Adhering to these safety precautions will help ensure a safe and enjoyable mowing experience.

Regular Maintenance Procedures

Blade Sharpening and Replacement

Maintaining sharp mower blades is crucial for achieving a clean, healthy cut and preventing damage to your lawn. Dull blades tear grass rather than slicing it cleanly, leading to browning, increased susceptibility to disease, and overall poor lawn health. Regular sharpening, ideally every 25 hours of use or at least twice per season, ensures optimal cutting performance and reduces the strain on the engine. Furthermore, check the blades frequently for damage, such as cracks, bends, or excessive wear. A damaged blade can become a dangerous projectile during operation, posing a significant safety risk. If you identify any damage, immediately replace the blade with a genuine John Deere replacement part to ensure proper fit and performance.

The blade removal and replacement process requires caution. Always disconnect the spark plug wire before working on the mower deck to prevent accidental starting. Wear heavy gloves to protect your hands from sharp edges. Use a blade removal tool or a wrench to loosen and remove the blade retaining bolt. Carefully inspect the blade adapter and spindle for any signs of wear or damage. If the adapter is worn, it should also be replaced. When installing the new or sharpened blade, ensure it is oriented correctly; the cutting edge should face the direction of rotation. Tighten the blade retaining bolt to the manufacturer's specified torque to prevent loosening during operation. Finally, double-check the blade's balance to minimize vibration and ensure a smooth cut.

Belt Inspection and Tensioning

The mower deck belt transfers power from the engine to the blades, making its proper function essential for the mower's performance. Regularly inspect the belt for signs of wear, such as cracks, fraying, glazing, or missing chunks. A worn belt can slip, causing reduced cutting power, or break entirely, rendering the mower inoperable. Check the belt's tension as well. The belt should be firm but not overly tight. Excessive tension can cause premature wear on the belt and the bearings of the spindles and idler pulleys, while insufficient tension can lead to slippage.

Adjusting the belt tension typically involves adjusting the idler pulley. Consult your John Deere 46 manual for the specific procedure, as it may vary depending on the mower's age and configuration. Generally, you will loosen the idler pulley mounting hardware and adjust the pulley's position to increase or decrease the belt tension. Ensure the belt is properly aligned on all pulleys and that it is not rubbing against any guards or other components. After adjusting the tension, re-tighten the mounting hardware securely. Periodically re-check the belt tension, especially during the first few hours of operation after a new belt is installed, as it may stretch slightly.

Spindle Lubrication and Bearing Check

The spindles are the rotating shafts that support the mower blades. They rely on bearings to allow smooth rotation. Proper lubrication is vital for extending the life of the bearings and preventing premature failure. Regularly lubricate the spindle bearings with a high-quality grease specifically designed for high-speed applications. Use a grease gun to inject grease into the grease fitting (zerk fitting) on the spindle housing until fresh grease begins to emerge. Avoid over-greasing, as this can damage the seals and allow contaminants to enter the bearings.

In addition to lubrication, periodically check the spindle bearings for play or looseness. With the engine off and the spark plug wire disconnected, try to move the spindle shaft up and down or side to side. Excessive play indicates worn bearings that need to be replaced. Also, listen for unusual noises, such as grinding or squealing, while the mower is running. These noises can also be signs of bearing problems. Replacing worn spindle bearings promptly will prevent further damage to the spindle housing and ensure optimal cutting performance. Consult your John Deere 46 manual for instructions on replacing spindle bearings, as this procedure can be complex and may require specialized tools.

Deck Cleaning and Rust Prevention

Grass clippings and debris can accumulate on the underside of the mower deck, creating a breeding ground for rust and corrosion. Regularly cleaning the deck helps prevent these problems and extends the life of the mower. After each use, use a scraper or a garden hose to remove loose clippings from the deck. For a more thorough cleaning, you can raise the mower (following all safety precautions, including disconnecting the spark plug wire) and use a pressure washer to blast away stubborn debris. Be careful not to direct the pressure washer directly at the spindles or electrical components.

After cleaning the deck, allow it to dry completely. You can then apply a coat of rust-preventative paint or lubricant to the underside of the deck to protect it from further corrosion. Pay particular attention to areas where paint has been chipped or scratched. Regular cleaning and rust prevention will help keep your John Deere 46 mower deck in good condition for years to come. Consider storing your mower indoors, such as in a garage or shed, to protect it from the elements when it is not in use.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Uneven Cutting Height

One of the most frustrating issues a John Deere 46 owner can encounter is an uneven cutting height. This manifests as strips of uncut grass or a scalped lawn, detracting from the overall appearance and indicating a problem within the mower deck or height adjustment mechanism. Begin by visually inspecting each blade. Ensure they are properly seated and secured to the spindles. A loose blade can cause significant imbalance and an inconsistent cut. Furthermore, check for any signs of bending or damage to the blades themselves. Bent blades will not cut effectively and can contribute to uneven cutting. Sharpening or replacing the blades is a crucial step in resolving this issue.

After inspecting the blades, focus on the height adjustment mechanism. This system often involves levers or knobs that raise or lower the mower deck. Verify that the adjustment settings are consistent across all points of the deck. Sometimes, these mechanisms can become worn or damaged, causing uneven adjustments. If you find any issues, consult the parts diagram to replace any worn components. If the deck itself appears to be bent or damaged, professional repair or replacement may be necessary. Finally, ensure proper tire inflation. Uneven tire pressure can also contribute to an uneven cut, as it can affect the overall levelness of the mower.

Excessive Vibration or Noise

Excessive vibration or unusual noises emanating from your John Deere 46 should never be ignored. These symptoms often signal underlying mechanical problems that, if left unaddressed, can lead to more serious damage and costly repairs. Start by carefully listening to the type of noise. Is it a grinding, squealing, or knocking sound? Identifying the specific sound can provide clues to the source of the problem. Next, visually inspect the mower deck and engine for any obvious signs of damage or loose components. Pay close attention to the blades, spindles, and belts.

Worn or damaged bearings within the spindles are a common cause of excessive vibration and noise. These bearings allow the blades to spin smoothly, and when they fail, they can cause significant imbalance and vibration. To check the spindles, carefully try to move the blades up and down or side to side. If you detect any play or looseness, it's likely that the bearings need to be replaced. Additionally, check the engine mounts for any cracks or damage. Damaged engine mounts can allow the engine to vibrate excessively, transmitting those vibrations throughout the mower. Finally, ensure that all bolts and fasteners are properly tightened. Loose components can rattle and vibrate, creating unwanted noise.

Belt Slippage or Breakage

The belts on your John Deere 46 play a critical role in transmitting power from the engine to the mower deck. Belt slippage or breakage can significantly impact the mower's performance, preventing the blades from spinning at the correct speed or stopping them altogether. One primary cause of belt issues is simply wear and tear. Belts are subjected to constant tension and friction, which can eventually cause them to stretch, crack, or fray. Regular inspection of the belts for these signs of wear is essential.

Besides wear, improper belt tension can also contribute to slippage and breakage. The belt tension should be tight enough to prevent slippage but not so tight that it puts excessive strain on the belt and pulleys. Refer to the owner's manual for the correct belt tension specifications. Inspect the pulleys for any signs of damage, such as cracks, chips, or rust. Damaged pulleys can cause the belt to wear prematurely or even break. Make sure the pulleys are properly aligned. Misaligned pulleys can cause the belt to rub against the sides of the pulleys, leading to excessive wear and slippage. If any pulleys are damaged or misaligned, they should be replaced or adjusted accordingly. Finally, ensure the belt routing is correct. An improperly routed belt can cause slippage and premature wear.

Discharge Problems and Clogging

Discharge problems, such as uneven clipping distribution or clogging, can negatively affect the quality of your lawn mowing. These issues often stem from problems within the mower deck, discharge chute, or even the type of grass you're cutting. Start by examining the discharge chute for any obstructions or blockages. Grass clippings, leaves, or other debris can accumulate in the chute, restricting airflow and causing uneven discharge. Regularly cleaning the discharge chute is crucial for maintaining proper performance.

The condition of the mower blades also plays a significant role in discharge performance. Dull blades will tear the grass rather than cut it cleanly, resulting in longer clippings that are more prone to clogging. Sharpening or replacing dull blades will significantly improve the quality of the cut and reduce the likelihood of clogging. Cutting wet grass is a common cause of clogging. Wet grass tends to clump together, making it more difficult for the mower to discharge clippings effectively. Avoid mowing when the grass is wet, if possible. Ensure the mower deck is clean and free of debris. Accumulated grass clippings and debris can restrict airflow within the deck, leading to clogging and uneven discharge. Regular cleaning of the mower deck is essential. Finally, make sure the engine is running at full throttle. Insufficient engine speed can reduce the airflow through the mower deck, leading to poor discharge performance.

Repairing Damaged Components

Replacing Spindle Assemblies

The spindle assembly on your John Deere 46 mower deck is a critical component, responsible for transferring power from the engine to the blades. Damage to the spindle, whether from impact with a solid object, bearing failure, or simple wear and tear, can lead to decreased cutting performance, excessive vibration, and even complete blade stoppage. Identifying a faulty spindle early is crucial; listen for unusual noises, such as grinding or squealing, and inspect the spindle for looseness or visible damage. If you suspect a problem, immediately cease operation and begin the replacement process to prevent further damage to the mower deck or other components. A delayed response might even cause a more costly repair to be needed, and so, an efficient reaction is needed in this context.

Replacing a spindle assembly requires careful attention to detail and adherence to proper safety procedures. First, disconnect the spark plug wire to prevent accidental starting. Next, carefully remove the mower deck from the tractor following the instructions in the "Deck Removal and Installation" chapter. With the deck removed, securely block the blades to prevent them from rotating during the process. Using the appropriate wrenches, loosen and remove the blade, followed by the pulley and any associated hardware. Now, remove the bolts securing the spindle assembly to the deck shell. With all fasteners removed, gently lift the old spindle assembly from the deck. Thoroughly clean the mounting surface before installing the new spindle. The mounting surface must be cleaned thoroughly to secure correct operation of the part.

Install the new spindle assembly, ensuring it is properly seated and aligned with the mounting holes. Secure the assembly with the previously removed bolts, tightening them to the torque specifications outlined in the appendix. Reinstall the pulley, blade, and associated hardware in the reverse order of removal, again paying close attention to torque specifications. After reassembly, double-check all fasteners to ensure they are properly tightened. Finally, carefully reinstall the mower deck onto the tractor and reconnect the spark plug wire. Before operating the mower, perform a test run in a safe area to verify that the new spindle assembly is functioning correctly and that there are no unusual noises or vibrations. All processes must be done in a timely fashion with all safety measures taken into consideration.

Repairing or Replacing the Deck Shell

The mower deck shell provides structural integrity and protection for the cutting components. Over time, the deck shell can suffer damage from impacts with rocks, roots, and other debris. Common issues include dents, cracks, rust, and even holes. Minor dents can often be hammered out, while cracks and holes require more extensive repair or replacement. Ignoring damage to the deck shell can lead to safety hazards, decreased cutting performance, and premature failure of other components. Repairing a damaged deck shell might seem complex, but with the right tools and approach, it can be efficiently handled. If damage is too extensive, it would be better to replace the unit as a whole.

Before attempting any repairs, thoroughly inspect the deck shell for all areas of damage. Clean the affected areas with a wire brush to remove rust and debris. For minor dents, use a rubber mallet and block of wood to gently hammer the metal back into shape. For cracks, welding is often the best solution. If you are not experienced with welding, consider taking the deck shell to a professional welder. Before welding, grind the edges of the crack to create a V-shaped groove, which will allow for a stronger weld. After welding, grind down the weld to create a smooth surface. For holes, you can patch them with sheet metal and rivets or by welding in a patch panel. When patching or welding, ensure that the repaired area is properly sealed to prevent moisture and debris from entering. Furthermore, the structural integrity of the repair should be considered, in order to assure a successful operation.

After completing the repairs, thoroughly clean the deck shell and apply a coat of rust-resistant primer followed by a coat of durable paint. This will help protect the metal from further corrosion and extend the life of the deck shell. Allow the paint to dry completely before reinstalling any components. If the damage to the deck shell is too extensive or if you are not comfortable performing the repairs yourself, consider replacing the entire deck shell. Replacement deck shells are available from John Deere or aftermarket suppliers. When replacing the deck shell, be sure to transfer all necessary components, such as spindles, pulleys, and hardware, from the old deck to the new one. Always refer to the parts manual for proper installation instructions and torque specifications. A well maintained deck shell is a sign of a well maintained mower and therefore, increases efficiency.

Adjusting or Replacing Idler Pulleys

Idler pulleys play a crucial role in maintaining proper belt tension on your John Deere 46 mower deck. These pulleys guide the belt around various components and prevent slippage, ensuring efficient power transfer. Over time, idler pulleys can wear out, become damaged, or lose their ability to maintain proper tension. Signs of a faulty idler pulley include belt slippage, excessive belt wear, unusual noises (squealing, grinding), and visible damage to the pulley itself. A properly functioning idler pulley is essential for optimal mower performance and preventing premature belt failure. The consequences of not dealing with this small part can be costly, that's why it is necessary to maintain them properly.

Adjusting belt tension is the first step to ensure that the belt is in the right position to do its job. To adjust belt tension, locate the idler pulley adjustment mechanism, which is typically a spring-loaded bolt or lever. Loosen the adjustment mechanism and adjust the position of the idler pulley until the belt has the proper tension. The belt should be tight enough to prevent slippage but not so tight that it puts excessive strain on the pulleys and bearings. Refer to the operator's manual for the recommended belt tension specifications. Once you have adjusted the tension, tighten the adjustment mechanism securely. Periodically check the belt tension and readjust as needed. Belt replacement might also be needed if the belt is severely worn.

If the idler pulley is damaged or worn out, it will need to be replaced. To replace an idler pulley, first remove the belt from the pulley. Then, remove the bolt or fastener that secures the pulley to the deck. Remove the old pulley and install the new one, making sure to align it properly. Secure the new pulley with the bolt or fastener, tightening it to the proper torque specification. Reinstall the belt and adjust the tension as needed. After replacing the idler pulley, double-check all fasteners to ensure they are properly tightened. A preventative maintenance check is something to consider to minimize problems with the pulleys.

Working with the Height Adjustment Mechanism

The height adjustment mechanism allows you to easily adjust the cutting height of your mower deck, enabling you to achieve the desired lawn appearance. This mechanism typically consists of levers, linkages, and pins that control the position of the deck relative to the ground. Over time, the height adjustment mechanism can become stiff, difficult to operate, or even break. Common issues include bent or broken levers, worn-out linkages, and seized pins. A properly functioning height adjustment mechanism is crucial for achieving a consistent and even cut across your lawn. Adjusting height properly will also allow for a perfect lawn and garden appearance.

If the height adjustment mechanism is stiff or difficult to operate, first try lubricating all moving parts with a penetrating oil. Pay particular attention to the levers, linkages, and pins. Work the mechanism back and forth to distribute the lubricant. If lubrication does not solve the problem, inspect the mechanism for bent or damaged parts. Bent levers can often be straightened with pliers or a hammer. Worn-out linkages may need to be replaced. Seized pins can be loosened by applying heat or penetrating oil. If the mechanism is severely damaged, it may be necessary to replace the entire assembly. Make sure to examine all the mechanisms and identify the correct components to be replaced.

To replace a height adjustment mechanism, first disconnect the mechanism from the deck. Remove any fasteners that secure the mechanism to the tractor frame. Carefully remove the old mechanism and install the new one, ensuring that all linkages and levers are properly aligned. Secure the new mechanism with the fasteners, tightening them to the proper torque specification. Reconnect the mechanism to the deck. Test the height adjustment mechanism to ensure that it is functioning correctly and that the deck moves smoothly through all height settings. A detailed inspection will always be a vital part of the process of fixing the height adjustment mechanism.

Parts and Diagrams

Exploded Views of the Deck Assembly

Understanding the intricate workings of your John Deere 46's deck assembly is crucial for effective maintenance and repair. Exploded views provide a detailed visual representation of each component, illustrating its position and relationship to other parts within the assembly. This level of detail is invaluable when disassembling the deck for cleaning, blade replacement, or more extensive repairs. Referencing these diagrams allows you to identify parts accurately, ensuring you order the correct replacements and reassemble the deck properly, avoiding potential damage or malfunction. Furthermore, familiarizing yourself with the exploded views helps you anticipate the steps involved in each repair procedure, saving time and frustration.

The following diagrams showcase each individual piece of your 46’ deck. Notice the ordering of the washers, bolts and their orientations. Each piece plays a valuable role in keeping the deck sturdy and the blades cutting effectively. If you have a piece that is significantly worn down, bent or missing it is imperative to replace it. Failing to do so will cause more damage in the long run.

Part Number Reference Guide

Accurate part identification is paramount when ordering replacement components for your John Deere 46. Using the correct part number ensures you receive the exact part designed for your machine, guaranteeing proper fit and function. This reference guide provides a comprehensive list of part numbers for all major components of the tractor, categorized by system for easy navigation. Using the right part is also critical to ensuring that your warranties stay intact with the manufacturer. Additionally, it is important to note that using an off brand part could potentially lead to more damage.

This guide will give you access to the proper John Deere codes and brands. With these codes you will easily be able to search online or go into a dealership to obtain your items. Keep in mind that you may need to cross reference your serial number to ensure that your parts will be the proper fit. Using the incorrect part numbers could cause damage or not be compatible with your machine.

Recommended Replacement Parts

Preventative maintenance is key to extending the life and performance of your John Deere 46. Regularly replacing wear items like blades, belts, and filters minimizes downtime and reduces the risk of costly repairs down the road. This section highlights the recommended replacement parts for routine maintenance, along with suggested replacement intervals. Replacing these parts when you notice significant wear or damage will dramatically improve the health of your machine. For example, replacing the oil filter and oil will help improve the engines performance and lifespan.

Here is a list of parts we recommend replacing for maximum efficiency: Blades, belts, oil and oil filters, spark plugs, fuel filters, and air filters. Each piece working at its fullest potential will provide an optimized experience. We also recommend thoroughly cleaning the deck of your mower. Dirt and other debris will cause unnecessary wear on the moving parts. It is also important to replace these items with the manufacturer's recommended replacement parts.

Seasonal Storage and Preparation

Preparing the Deck for Winter Storage

Properly preparing your John Deere 46 mower deck for winter storage is crucial to ensuring its longevity and optimal performance when spring arrives. Failing to do so can lead to rust, corrosion, and other issues that can significantly impact the deck's functionality. Begin by thoroughly cleaning the underside of the deck, removing any accumulated grass clippings, dirt, and debris. A pressure washer can be helpful for this task, but exercise caution to avoid damaging any electrical components or bearings. Once cleaned, inspect the deck for any signs of damage, such as cracks, dents, or worn-out parts. Addressing these issues before storage will prevent them from worsening over the winter months.

After cleaning and inspection, it is essential to protect the metal surfaces of the deck from rust and corrosion. Apply a coat of rust-inhibiting paint or a rust preventative spray to any exposed metal, paying particular attention to areas prone to moisture accumulation. Focus on the underside of the deck and around any welded seams, where corrosion is more likely to occur. Additionally, consider removing the mower blades and sharpening them before storage. This ensures that they are ready for use in the spring and prevents them from seizing up due to rust during the storage period. Store the sharpened blades in a safe place, away from children and pets.

Finally, take steps to protect the deck from the elements during storage. Ideally, store the deck indoors in a dry and protected environment, such as a garage or shed. If indoor storage is not possible, cover the deck with a waterproof tarp to shield it from rain, snow, and other harsh weather conditions. Ensure that the tarp is securely fastened to prevent it from blowing away during strong winds. Before covering, ensure that the deck is completely dry to prevent moisture from becoming trapped underneath, which could lead to rust and mildew growth. Periodically check the storage area throughout the winter to ensure that the deck remains protected and free from any potential issues.

Spring Start-Up Procedures

After a long winter's storage, it's time to get your John Deere 46 mower deck ready for another season of lawn care. A careful and methodical start-up procedure is essential to ensure that the deck operates smoothly and efficiently. Begin by inspecting the deck thoroughly for any signs of damage or deterioration that may have occurred during storage. Look for rust, corrosion, cracks, or loose components. Address any issues you find before proceeding further, as operating a damaged deck can be dangerous and can lead to further problems.

Next, check the mower blades to ensure they are sharp, balanced, and securely attached. Dull blades can tear the grass instead of cutting it cleanly, leading to an uneven cut and increased wear and tear on the mower. Sharpen the blades if necessary and balance them to prevent vibrations during operation. Ensure that the blades are properly installed and tightened to the correct torque specifications. Consult your John Deere 46 manual for the proper torque settings and blade installation procedures. A loose blade can be extremely dangerous, so double-check the installation before starting the mower.

Finally, lubricate all moving parts of the deck, including the spindles, pulleys, and bearings. Use a high-quality grease specifically designed for lawn mowers to ensure proper lubrication and prevent wear. Check the belt tension and adjust as needed to ensure proper power transmission from the engine to the blades. If the belt is worn or cracked, replace it with a new one to prevent it from breaking during operation. Before starting the mower, double-check all connections, belts, and blades to ensure everything is properly installed and tightened. Perform a test run in a safe area to verify that the deck is operating smoothly and efficiently. If you notice any unusual noises or vibrations, stop immediately and investigate the cause.